For Lack of Evidence- Kenneth M. Schweitzer, DDS
You've
just read a sensational blog; stimulating, thought provoking and inspirational
enough to discuss with your friends and colleagues. OK, lets say it was a
magazine article, maybe even a book or newspaper article. The content of
the published information swirls around in your head challenging some of the
basic tenets of truth, values and beliefs you've always aspired to.
Where do
you go with this? What do you do with this insightful content? If you're
looking to have fun with the information you'd be tempted to shout across the
room to a co-worker and spill the information as quickly as possible, amused by
being the first to announce the news, information or opinion. Once
blurted out, you feel like you're ahead of the curve. Before you can say,
"I'm in the know" ten times fast, the news has spread throughout the
floor, onto people's PDAs and into digital space.
On the
other hand, if you're interested in delving more deeply into the subject
matter, seeking greater objectivity and clarity before discussing the content,
you might do a search on the author or check the sources of information before
talking publicly about the material.
In this
day and age media content is ubiquitous, it channels into our heads through
cell phones, Blackberry's, computer terminals, radios, magazines, newspapers,
books, TV, and yes, even blogs. Sometimes, like a paradoxical Einstein theory,
we even imagine the news travels to us faster than it actually occurs.
Transition
to digital media has stifled growth of conventional newspapers and magazines.
Many pundits have predicted the demise of printed media in its present format
unless measures are taken to change the value of its content. Philp Meyer, professor emeritus in Journalism at
the University of North Carolina at Chapal Hill and the author of "The
Vanishing Newspaper: Saving Journalism the Information Age," wrote an article in American
Journalism Review October/November 2008 titled, "The Elite Newspaper
of the Future." http://www.ajr.org/Article.asp?id=4605 . In it he states, "A
smaller, less frequently published version packed with analysis and
investigative reporting and aimed at well-educated news junkies that may well
be a smart survival strategy for the beleaguered old print product."
Meyer is
honing in on what the medical profession has known for years. With so
much content readily
available simply by clicking a mouse the only salable feature a newspaper can
now offer is credibility. Medical science refers to it as Evidence-based
Research/Practice/Writing. Evidence-based accountability was partly a response
to the FTC's 1975 ruling allowing advertising in the medical professions.
Although the concept took years to evolve, peer reviewed scientific journals
became the trusted solution to the mayhem created by free trade practices in
the healthcare professions.
Traces of
evidence-based medicine suggest its roots may have originated in ancient Greece
or China but the modern birth is attributed to a Scottish Epidemiologist named
Archie Cochrane. In 1972 Cochranes' work, Effectiveness and Efficiency:
Random Reflections on Health Services led to increased acceptance of
evidence-based concepts. Later, in 1992, the term evidence-based medicine was
first coined in a paper written by Guyatt et al. (JAMA. 1992 Nov 4;268(17):2420-5 ). In 1996 Adrian Smith, as President of the Royal Statistical Society
proposed evidence-based policy should be used in education, policing and all
areas of government. (Smith, A.F.M. (1996).
"Mad cows and ecstasy: chance and choice in an evidence-based society". Journal
of the Royal Statistical Association, Series A 159: 367–83.).
Meyer
references the term evidence-based journalism in his paper. He reckons
the savior of newspaper journalism will be not reporting on new
information that streams in from everywhere but in the processing, analyzing
and formatting of the data. He states, "The raw material for this
processing is evidence-based journalism, something that bloggers are not
good at originating."
Comparing
print news media and medical science might be far reaching, but logically,
evidence-based thinking might be the common thread that re-establishes
integrity and viability within these professions. Although medicine is by
no means held in as high esteem as it was in the 1950's, evidence-based
protocols and philosophy have done a lot to re-establish sorely needed
integrity lost as a result of HMO's and competitive marketing in the health
care professions. Post-Graduate doctoral students are trained to decipher
the validity of published scientific literature by carefully reviewing
experimental design, methodology and sponsorship of the research.
Literature that passes the litmus test can be used as reference for
evidence-based clinical decision making.
Can a parallel be drawn between preserving printed media and rescuing medical science? Possibly yes. Medicine took the high road, accepted advertising and marketing but established advanced guidelines for research and clinical practice. Likewise, journalism cannot stop the stampede of published content flooding the digital airways but it can elevate the standards of written material chosen for distribution. In this manner educated and intelligent people will look towards select printed media for truth and interpretation of the published data.



Ken, the problem with evidence-based journalism is it costs too much to produce and there isn't much of an audience for it. Who is crying over the demise of the New York Times? So few people that they wouldn't keep the presses in ink these days... Mary Tomaselli
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